What type of rules transform input time series into recommended market positions?

The correct answer is defined rules using mathematical and logical operators. This response highlights the systematic and objective nature of technical analysis, where predefined criteria are established to guide decision-making in market positioning.

In charting and analysis, traders utilize various mathematical formulas, indicators, and logical constructs to interpret price movements and determine entry or exit points in the market. These rules are derived from historical data analysis, allowing traders to apply consistent and replicable strategies based on quantitative metrics rather than subjective judgment. The application of such rules enables traders to navigate the complexities of market behaviors with a more structured approach.

Other concepts like psychological barriers, strategies based on momentum, and emotional responses pertain to behavioral finance and market sentiment. While they can influence market outcomes, they do not provide the systematic, rules-based framework for transforming input time series into specific trading recommendations as effectively as mathematical and logical operators do.